Question 1

How is diaphragmatic endometriosis diagnosed?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragmatic endometriosis can be difficult to confirm because symptoms may be subtle (or absent) and imaging doesn’t always “see” superficial implants. We start with your full symptom story and patterning—especially cyclical right upper abdominal, rib, chest, shoulder, or arm pain that flares around your period or with deep breaths/coughing—then pair that with a targeted exam and a careful review of prior workups so we don’t miss look-alike or coexisting conditions.

Imaging such as MRI (and sometimes CT, depending on the situation) can help raise suspicion, map anatomy, and guide surgical planning, but a normal scan does not rule it out. The most reliable way to diagnose diaphragmatic endometriosis is minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopy or robotic surgery) with deliberate inspection of the diaphragm and confirmation by removing suspicious lesions for pathology when appropriate.

If symptoms suggest disease may extend into the chest (thoracic endometriosis), diagnosis may require coordination with a thoracic surgeon and, in select cases, a chest procedure such as VATS in addition to laparoscopy. Our team plans this proactively when your history or imaging points in that direction, so you’re not left with an incomplete evaluation or a surgery that isn’t equipped to address the full extent of disease.

Question 2

Endometriosis or herniated disc—how can I tell?

Accepted Answer

Endometriosis pain often has a pelvic “rhythm”—it flares with your cycle, deepens around periods, and may come with symptoms like pain with sex, bowel movements, or urination, bloating, or a heavy pelvic ache. A herniated disc more commonly behaves like a spine/nerve problem: low back pain that travels into the buttock/leg, burning or tingling, or pain that changes with posture (sitting, bending, coughing) rather than with bleeding or ovulation. That said, endometriosis can irritate pelvic nerves and mimic sciatica, and it’s also common for endometriosis and a true disc issue to coexist.

The most reliable way to sort this out is a careful pattern-based history plus a targeted exam, then the right imaging interpreted with your symptoms in mind—sometimes pelvic MRI/ultrasound to look for pelvic disease, and sometimes spine imaging if the story fits. Our team focuses on distinguishing endometriosis from look-alikes (and finding coexisting drivers like pelvic floor dysfunction or hernias) so you’re not stuck treating the wrong problem. If you’re dealing with overlapping pelvic and back/leg pain, reach out to schedule an evaluation—bringing a symptom timeline (cycle days, triggers, radiation of pain, numbness/weakness) can make your visit far more actionable.

Question 3

Can adenomyosis cause headaches or migraines?

Accepted Answer

Yes—adenomyosis can be associated with headaches or migraines for some patients, especially when symptoms flare around the menstrual cycle. Adenomyosis is hormonally responsive and can drive inflammation and pain signaling in the body, and that whole-body inflammatory “load” can overlap with migraine biology in susceptible people.

That said, headaches aren’t considered a classic hallmark symptom the way heavy bleeding, severe cramping, and an enlarged/tender uterus are. When headaches are prominent, we also look at common overlap scenarios—like adenomyosis coexisting with endometriosis—and whether the timing tracks with bleeding, cramping, or hormonal shifts.

If your headaches reliably worsen with your cycle or improve when pelvic symptoms are better controlled, that pattern can be an important clue. Our team can help you connect the dots between uterine disease, cycle patterns, and your broader symptom picture, and then discuss treatment pathways that fit your goals—whether that’s targeted medical therapy, minimally invasive surgery when appropriate, and supportive strategies that are coordinated as part of one plan.

Question 4

Can adenomyosis cause vulvar pain?

Accepted Answer

Adenomyosis is confined to the uterus (endometrial-like tissue within the uterine muscle), so it doesn’t directly “spread” to the vulva. However, it can still contribute to vulvar pain indirectly by driving pelvic inflammation, cramping, and a sensitized pain system that can amplify pain signals and trigger pelvic floor muscle guarding.

Just as importantly, vulvar pain often has its own contributors that can coexist with adenomyosis—like endometriosis elsewhere in the pelvis, bladder pain syndromes, or pelvic floor/myofascial pain that refers discomfort to the vulvar area. When we evaluate vulvar pain in someone with suspected or known adenomyosis, we focus on the full pattern (timing with cycles, deep pelvic pressure vs surface burning, urinary or bowel symptoms, pain with sex) so we don’t miss a “neighbor” condition that needs its own targeted plan.

If vulvar pain is a prominent symptom for you, our team can help you sort out whether it’s primarily uterus-driven, referred/neuromuscular, or a separate overlapping diagnosis—because that distinction often changes what treatments are most likely to help.

Question 5

Can adenomyosis cause clots and heavy flooding?

Accepted Answer

Yes. Adenomyosis can cause very heavy menstrual bleeding, and that can show up as “flooding” (sudden gushes) and passing clots—especially when bleeding is fast enough that blood pools in the uterus and forms clots before it exits. Because adenomyosis involves endometrial-like tissue within the uterine muscle, it can drive stronger, more painful uterine contractions and more persistent bleeding during a cycle.

That said, clots and flooding aren’t specific to adenomyosis. Fibroids, polyps, hormonal bleeding patterns, bleeding disorders, and adenomyosis overlapping with endometriosis can look similar—and severe bleeding can quickly lead to iron deficiency and fatigue even if your labs were “normal” in the past. If this is happening to you, our team can help you make sense of your symptom pattern and imaging (often ultrasound and sometimes MRI) and walk you through options aimed at bleeding control and long-term relief, including uterine-preserving approaches when appropriate.

Question 6

Why am I passing large blood clots during my period?

Accepted Answer

Passing large clots during your period usually means the bleeding is heavy enough that blood is pooling in the uterus and clotting before it exits. Some clotting can be normal, but frequent or large clots—especially when paired with flooding, severe cramps, pelvic pressure, or fatigue—can be a sign that something is driving abnormally heavy uterine bleeding rather than “just a bad period.”

Two common underlying causes we evaluate for are adenomyosis (endometrial-like tissue within the uterine muscle, often linked with heavy bleeding and painful periods) and fibroids, and it’s also possible for adenomyosis to overlap with endometriosis and intensify symptoms. Because the right treatment depends on the cause, our team focuses on your full symptom pattern and uses expertly interpreted ultrasound and, when helpful, MRI to look for adenomyosis and other pelvic conditions that can be missed or mislabeled.

If you’re passing clots larger than a quarter, soaking through protection quickly, feeling lightheaded, or your bleeding is disrupting daily life, it’s worth a deeper workup—not dismissal. You can reach out to schedule a consultation so we can map out what’s most likely in your case and what options (medical, procedural, or surgical) make sense for your goals, including fertility and long-term relief.

Question 7

Can endometriosis cause bladder pressure at night?

Accepted Answer

Yes—endometriosis can contribute to bladder pressure or “fullness” sensations at night, especially when disease involves or irritates the bladder surface or bladder wall (often called bladder endometriosis, a form of deep endometriosis). Some people notice a cycle-linked pattern (worse before or during a period), while others feel more constant pressure with minimal classic urinary symptoms. Importantly, normal urine tests or repeated negative cultures don’t rule this out.

That said, nighttime bladder pressure isn’t specific to endometriosis. Similar symptoms can come from conditions that commonly overlap with—or mimic—endo, such as interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome, pelvic floor dysfunction, adenomyosis, ovarian cysts, or bowel-related pain that “refers” forward into the bladder area. In our evaluation process, we look at your full symptom pattern and use targeted imaging when appropriate (often ultrasound and/or MRI) to check the bladder and nearby structures, so we’re not guessing.

If this is a recurring problem for you—especially if it clusters around your cycle or keeps coming back despite “clear” urine tests—our team can help you sort out whether the bladder is directly involved, whether another pain generator is driving the pressure, or whether multiple factors are happening together. From there, we can map out a plan that fits your goals, including surgical planning when deep disease is suspected.

Question 8

Can adenomyosis cause bladder pain or spasms?

Accepted Answer

Yes—adenomyosis can be associated with bladder pain, pressure, and even “spasm-like” sensations, even though adenomyosis itself stays within the uterine muscle. When the uterus is inflamed and tender (and sometimes enlarged), it can create a deep pelvic ache or heavy pressure that feels like it’s coming from the bladder because these organs sit close together and share overlapping nerve pathways.

That said, bladder symptoms aren’t always explained by adenomyosis alone. Urgency, frequency, urethral burning, pain that worsens as the bladder fills, or symptoms that persist even when period pain is treated can point to a separate but commonly overlapping condition like bladder pain syndrome (sometimes called interstitial cystitis), pelvic floor muscle overactivity, or endometriosis involving the bladder area.

If you’re noticing bladder pain/spasms alongside heavy bleeding, severe cramps, or pain with sex, our team can help you sort out whether adenomyosis is the primary driver, a co-condition, or one piece of a larger chronic pelvic pain picture. Reach out to schedule a consultation so we can review your symptom pattern and imaging, and map out a plan that targets the true sources of your pain.

Question 9

Why pelvic pain after peeing with no UTI?

Accepted Answer

Pelvic pain after peeing with a negative urine culture is frustrating—but it’s also a common pattern we see when the bladder is irritated without an active infection. Sometimes the pain is coming from the bladder itself (often described as bladder pain syndrome/IC-type symptoms), from pelvic floor muscle tension that spasms around urination, or from nearby gynecologic disease that “refers” pain to the bladder area. Endometriosis can also be involved—especially deep endometriosis affecting the bladder wall—because it can cause burning, urgency, pressure, or pain with urination even when standard UTI testing is normal.

What helps most is looking for patterns and overlaps rather than assuming it’s “nothing” because cultures are negative. If your symptoms are cyclical (worse before or during your period), recur despite antibiotics, or come with deep pelvic pain, pain with sex, or persistent pressure, we often consider a targeted pelvic evaluation and imaging (frequently MRI and/or expertly performed ultrasound) to assess the bladder and surrounding structures. Our team takes a whole-picture approach—bladder, pelvic floor, uterus (including adenomyosis), bowel, and nervous system sensitization—so we can identify the true driver(s) and build a plan that actually matches what your body is doing. If you’d like, reach out to schedule a consultation so we can review your symptom timeline and map out the right next steps.

Question 10

Is rectal bleeding during your period a sign of endometriosis?

Accepted Answer

Yes—rectal bleeding that predictably happens during your period can be a sign of bowel endometriosis, especially when endometriosis involves the rectum or sigmoid colon. Many patients also notice pain with bowel movements, deep pelvic pain, bloating, constipation/diarrhea swings, or symptoms that flare in a cyclical pattern.

That said, rectal bleeding isn’t specific to endometriosis, and it’s important not to assume that’s the only explanation. Hemorrhoids, fissures, inflammatory bowel disease, polyps, and other GI conditions can overlap with (or be mistaken for) endometriosis, and symptoms alone can be hard to separate without a thoughtful workup.

In our practice, we take bleeding symptoms seriously and evaluate the whole picture—your timing pattern, associated bowel and pelvic symptoms, exam findings, and, when helpful, expertly interpreted imaging like ultrasound or MRI to look for suspected bowel involvement and related conditions. If endometriosis is suspected, we can talk through what diagnosis and treatment can look like, including minimally invasive excision when appropriate—reach out to schedule a consultation with our team.

Question 11

Is pregnancy safe with diaphragmatic endometriosis?

Accepted Answer

In many cases, pregnancy can be safe with diaphragmatic endometriosis, but the right answer depends on where the disease is (only on the diaphragm’s surface vs. deeper involvement) and whether you’ve ever had chest symptoms. Superficial diaphragmatic implants may cause cyclical right shoulder, upper abdominal, or chest pain around periods, and those symptoms sometimes improve during pregnancy when cycling hormones are suppressed. The bigger concern is the uncommon scenario where endometriosis involves the diaphragm full-thickness or extends into the chest (thoracic endometriosis), which can be associated with symptoms like shortness of breath or, rarely, a cyclic collapsed lung.

If you have a history of cycle-linked chest pain, breathing symptoms, or prior pneumothorax, we generally recommend a more intentional pre-pregnancy evaluation so your care is planned—not reactive. Our team can help assess whether diaphragmatic disease is likely present, review prior imaging, and discuss whether minimally invasive excision (and, when appropriate, coordinated planning with thoracic surgery) makes sense before trying to conceive.

If you’re already pregnant and develop new chest pain or breathing symptoms, we want you to let your obstetric team know promptly and also reach out to us so we can help connect the dots and coordinate next steps. If you’re in the planning stage, scheduling a consultation can help you understand your personal risk profile and build a clear plan for pregnancy and postpartum.

Question 12

Can bladder endometriosis cause urinary retention?

Accepted Answer

Yes—bladder endometriosis can contribute to urinary retention in some patients, especially when endometriosis involves the bladder wall muscle (deep bladder endometriosis) or when nearby deep disease and pelvic floor guarding disrupt normal bladder emptying. It’s not the most common urinary symptom pattern, but it can happen alongside more typical complaints like bladder pressure, pain with urination, urgency, and frequency.

Retention can be intermittent (for example, flaring around your cycle) or feel like incomplete emptying, hesitancy, or needing to strain to urinate. Because urinary symptoms overlap with conditions like bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis, pelvic floor dysfunction, and ureter-related problems, a normal urine culture doesn’t rule out a structural or endometriosis-related cause.

In our evaluation, we look at the full symptom pattern and flare timing, and we use targeted imaging such as expertly interpreted pelvic ultrasound and/or MRI to assess the bladder and surrounding structures. If your symptoms include retention or significant voiding difficulty, it’s also important to assess the ureters and kidneys, since urinary-tract involvement can coexist with deep endometriosis. If you’d like, you can reach out to schedule a consultation so our team can help clarify what’s driving your symptoms and what treatment options make the most sense for your goals.

Question 13

Can thoracic endometriosis cause pleural effusion?

Accepted Answer

Yes. Thoracic endometriosis can irritate tissues in and around the chest and, in some cases, lead to abnormal fluid in the pleural space (the thin space around the lungs). More classically, thoracic endometriosis syndrome is linked to cyclical chest pain and shortness of breath, recurrent lung collapse around the menstrual cycle, and—more rarely—bleeding into the chest (a hemothorax), but fluid around the lung can be part of the picture.

What raises suspicion is timing: symptoms and imaging findings that predictably worsen just before or during periods, especially if they recur and don’t fit more common explanations. Because standard imaging can show fluid but not reliably prove endometriosis, diagnosis often depends on connecting the menstrual pattern to the chest findings and, when appropriate, confirming disease surgically (sometimes in coordination with thoracic surgery). If you’re dealing with recurrent pleural fluid or cyclical chest symptoms, our team can help you evaluate whether thoracic endometriosis could be contributing and talk through medical and surgical options.

Question 14

What is catamenial pneumothorax?

Accepted Answer

Catamenial pneumothorax is a collapsed lung that happens in a repeating pattern around your menstrual period—most often just before or during bleeding. It’s considered part of thoracic endometriosis syndrome, where endometriosis affects the diaphragm, chest cavity, or (more rarely) lung tissue.

People may notice sudden one-sided chest pain, shortness of breath, or a “recurring pneumothorax” that seems to return month after month. Because routine imaging can confirm the lung collapse but not always reveal the cause, the menstrual timing is an important clue. If your chest symptoms track your cycle—especially with a history of suspected or known endometriosis—our team can help connect the dots and discuss next steps for evaluation and treatment options.

Question 15

Coughing blood on your period: could it be thoracic endometriosis?

Accepted Answer

Yes—coughing up blood that predictably happens just before or during your period can be a sign of thoracic endometriosis syndrome (TES), a rare form of endometriosis that involves the diaphragm, chest cavity, or (more rarely) the lungs. People may also notice cyclical chest pain (often one-sided), shortness of breath, shoulder pain, or episodes that keep getting labeled as “infection” but return with the next cycle. The key clue is the pattern: symptoms that track your menstrual timing are not typical for routine respiratory illnesses.

At the same time, coughing blood is not something we assume is endometriosis until we’ve carefully ruled out other causes and understood the full context of your symptoms. Our team focuses on a whole-picture evaluation—your flare timing, pelvic and non-pelvic symptoms, prior imaging and treatments—and we often coordinate the right imaging and specialty input when chest involvement is possible. If the story fits TES, diagnosis and treatment may involve targeted hormonal suppression for symptom control and/or planned minimally invasive surgery with the appropriate surgical team, sometimes including thoracic collaboration. If you’re noticing this cycle-linked pattern, reach out to schedule a consultation so we can map out a clear, stepwise plan to get you answers.

Question 16

Can thoracic endometriosis cause a collapsed lung?

Accepted Answer

Yes. In rare cases, endometriosis can involve the diaphragm or even the chest cavity and lungs, and it can be associated with a spontaneous collapsed lung (pneumothorax) that tends to recur around menstruation—often called catamenial pneumothorax. People may notice one-sided chest pain (commonly right-sided), shortness of breath, or shoulder/chest discomfort that predictably flares just before or during a period.

A key challenge is that imaging like chest X-ray or CT can confirm a lung collapse but often doesn’t identify endometriosis as the cause. When the pattern is cyclical or recurrent, diagnosis may require a coordinated surgical evaluation—sometimes combining minimally invasive pelvic surgery with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)—to look for and treat disease on the diaphragm and in the chest. If this sounds like your experience, our team can help you connect the timing of symptoms to your cycle, evaluate for diaphragmatic/thoracic involvement, and map out next steps for treatment and long-term prevention of recurrence.

Question 17

Can endometriosis block a ureter without pain?

Accepted Answer

Yes. Endometriosis can involve or compress a ureter with little to no pelvic pain, especially when scarring (fibrosis) gradually narrows the ureter over time. In those cases, the main problem isn’t “how it feels,” but what it can silently do—backing urine up toward the kidney (hydronephrosis) and risking loss of kidney function.

Some people do have warning signs (flank/back pain, recurrent “UTI-like” symptoms, urinary urgency/frequency, or blood in the urine), but others don’t notice anything until imaging shows swelling of the kidney or a change in urinary tract drainage. Because symptoms can be unreliable, we take urinary-tract involvement seriously when your story, exam, or imaging raises the possibility.

If you’re worried about ureter involvement, our team can help you sort out whether endometriosis is likely, what other conditions could mimic it, and which imaging or evaluation steps are most informative. If obstruction is confirmed, treatment often requires a coordinated plan to protect the kidney and address the root cause, which may include meticulous excision around the ureter in the hands of an experienced surgical team.

Question 18

Can endometriosis cause blood in urine during periods?

Accepted Answer

Yes—endometriosis can sometimes cause blood in the urine (hematuria), especially when endometriosis involves the bladder wall (often called bladder endometriosis, a form of deep endometriosis). When it’s cycle-linked—showing up right before or during your period—that pattern can be a meaningful clue. That said, hematuria isn’t required for bladder endometriosis to be present, and many people with bladder involvement never see visible blood.

Because blood in the urine can also come from other conditions (including infection, stones, or a bladder growth), we don’t treat it as “automatically endometriosis,” even if your other symptoms fit. Our approach is to map the full symptom pattern and use targeted testing—often urinalysis plus pelvic imaging such as ultrasound and/or MRI—to look specifically at the bladder and nearby structures and to plan next steps. If you’re seeing blood in your urine around your periods, reach out to our team so we can help you sort out what’s most likely and move toward clear answers.

Question 19

Can endometriosis cause period-related constipation?

Accepted Answer

Yes. Endometriosis can cause constipation that predictably worsens around your period, especially when inflammation and pelvic swelling flare with hormonal cycling. This can happen with bowel endometriosis (endometrial-like tissue on or within the bowel wall), but it can also occur without direct bowel implants—because irritated pelvic lining, adhesions, and shared nerve pathways can disrupt normal bowel function and make stool passage feel slow, tight, or painful.

That said, constipation that flares with your cycle isn’t “automatically” endometriosis. IBS-like bowel sensitivity, SIBO/dysbiosis, pelvic floor dyssynergia (difficulty relaxing the pelvic floor to have a bowel movement), and inflammatory bowel disease can overlap with endometriosis and mimic the same symptoms. In our evaluation process, we map your flare pattern and full symptom picture, interpret imaging when helpful (MRI/ultrasound), and look for coexisting drivers so treatment targets the real cause—not just the label.

If you’re noticing constipation plus period-linked red flags like pain with bowel movements, deep pelvic pain, bloating that spikes cyclically, or rectal bleeding, it’s worth a deeper endometriosis-focused workup. You can explore our education on bowel involvement and overlapping “neighbor” conditions, and reach out to schedule a consultation so we can help you sort out what’s most likely in your case.

Question 20

Can endometriosis cause urinary urgency or bladder pain?

Accepted Answer

Yes—endometriosis can be associated with urinary urgency, frequency, and bladder pain. In some patients, endometriosis involves the bladder wall itself (often as a form of deep endometriosis), which can cause suprapubic pressure, pain with urination, or symptoms that flare cyclically around a period, even when routine urine tests and cultures are normal.

At the same time, urinary symptoms don’t automatically mean “it’s the bladder endometriosis.” Similar symptoms can come from conditions that commonly overlap with endometriosis—like interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome, pelvic floor dysfunction, or other pelvic pain drivers—so the key is a whole-picture evaluation rather than assuming a single cause.

In our practice, we map urinary symptoms carefully (timing, triggers, response to prior treatments) and, when warranted, use targeted imaging such as expert-interpreted ultrasound and/or MRI to look specifically at the bladder and nearby structures. If you’re dealing with persistent urgency or bladder pain—especially with negative cultures or a cycle pattern—reach out to schedule a consultation so we can help clarify what’s driving your symptoms and what treatment options make sense for your goals.

Question 21

Do bowel endometriosis symptoms require a colonoscopy?

Accepted Answer

Not usually. Most bowel endometriosis lives on the outside of the bowel or within the bowel wall (most often the rectum and sigmoid), so a colonoscopy can look completely normal even when symptoms are significant. Colonoscopy is better at evaluating problems on the inside lining of the colon, which is why it’s not a reliable test to confirm—or rule out—bowel endometriosis.

That said, a colonoscopy can be part of the workup when your symptoms raise concern for a different or coexisting condition (for example inflammatory bowel disease), or when there are “red-flag” bowel symptoms that need a direct look at the colon. In our evaluation process, we start with your full symptom story and cycle pattern, then use targeted imaging (often expertly interpreted ultrasound and/or MRI) to map suspected deep disease and plan next steps. If you’re trying to figure out whether your symptoms fit bowel endometriosis, a look-alike GI condition, or both, our team can help you build a clear diagnostic plan and discuss what testing actually moves the needle.

Question 22

Could pelvic pain be IC or bladder pain syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Yes—pelvic pain can come from interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), especially when the pain feels “bladder-related.” Many people describe pressure or burning that worsens as the bladder fills, improves after peeing, and comes with urgency or frequent urination for weeks to months even when urine cultures are repeatedly negative. Importantly, urinary symptoms can also overlap with endometriosis or adenomyosis, so it’s not unusual for more than one condition to be contributing at the same time.

The key is pattern recognition and a targeted evaluation rather than guessing. Our team starts by mapping your symptom timing (including any cycle link), flare triggers, prior UTI testing/treatments, and whether pain is provoked by bladder filling, sex, or pelvic floor tension. When your story suggests bladder involvement, we may recommend focused pelvic imaging (often including MRI) to look for bladder endometriosis or other pelvic drivers, and we’ll also consider whether IC/BPS, pelvic floor dysfunction, or nervous-system sensitization is amplifying symptoms.

If you’re stuck in a loop of “normal tests” but persistent bladder-adjacent pelvic pain, you’re exactly the kind of patient we’re built to help—because we look for coexisting and look-alike conditions, not just one diagnosis. You can explore our bladder symptom content to see which patterns match you, and reach out to schedule a consultation so we can put the full picture together and outline next-step testing and treatment options.

Question 23

Can IBS cause pelvic pain like endometriosis?

Accepted Answer

Yes—IBS can cause pelvic pain that feels very similar to endometriosis, especially when bowel cramping, bloating, constipation/diarrhea swings, and pelvic floor muscle guarding are part of the picture. In real life, the symptom overlap is so strong that symptoms alone often can’t reliably separate “IBS pain” from endometriosis-related pain, particularly when pain flares around your cycle or alongside deep pelvic tenderness.

It’s also common for IBS-like bowel sensitivity and endometriosis to coexist. Endometriosis can involve the bowel itself in some patients, and even when it doesn’t, pelvic organs share nerve pathways—so irritation in the bowel can amplify pelvic pain signals and vice versa. If your pain pattern includes significant bowel symptoms (or persists despite endometriosis treatment), our team typically looks for the full set of contributors—endometriosis, adenomyosis, bladder pain syndromes, and GI conditions—so your plan addresses what’s actually driving your symptoms.

If you’re trying to sort out what’s behind your pelvic pain, explore our educational resources on bowel symptoms and overlapping conditions, and consider reaching out to schedule a consultation so we can review your history, imaging, and symptom pattern in a more targeted way.

Question 24

Why is my laparoscopy negative but I still have pelvic pain?

Accepted Answer

A “negative” laparoscopy can be confusing—but it doesn’t mean your pain isn’t real, and it doesn’t always rule out endometriosis. Sometimes endometriosis is missed because lesions can be subtle, hidden (for example, behind organs or deep in tissue), or not fully recognized without an excision-focused approach and careful pathology. In other cases, the pelvis may look “normal,” yet inflammation and irritated nerves can still drive ongoing pain, especially if your nervous system has become more sensitized over time.

Another common reason is that endometriosis may not be the only contributor. Pelvic floor dysfunction, bladder or bowel sensitization, adhesions/fibrosis, adenomyosis, fibroids, vascular causes of pelvic pain, hernias, and even conditions like small fiber neuropathy or central sensitization can mimic or amplify endometriosis-type symptoms. Our approach is to start by listening closely to your symptom pattern—what triggers pain (bleeding, ovulation, bowel movements, bladder filling, sex, sitting, exercise), where it lives, and what it feels like—then pair that story with a targeted exam and the right imaging or testing.

If you’re stuck after a “normal” laparoscopy, we can help you make sense of what was (and wasn’t) evaluated, and build a stepwise plan to look for hidden pelvic disease and common overlap conditions. The goal is actionable answers—not guesswork—so you can move toward relief and a long-term strategy that fits your body and goals.

Question 25

Can adenomyosis cause cancer?

Accepted Answer

Adenomyosis itself is not cancer. It’s a benign condition where endometrial-like tissue grows into the muscular wall of the uterus, and it can cause heavy bleeding, painful periods, and an enlarged, tender uterus—but it doesn’t “turn into” cancer in the way many patients fear.

That said, adenomyosis can sometimes be seen alongside uterine (endometrial) cancer on hysterectomy pathology, which understandably raises questions about whether the two are connected. Current evidence doesn’t show that adenomyosis protects you from cancer or that it clearly causes cancer, and research on risk relationships is still evolving and can be mixed depending on the cancer type studied.

If you’re worried because of symptoms like heavier bleeding than usual, bleeding between periods, or new/worsening pelvic pain—especially if your symptoms are changing—our team can help you sort out what’s most likely going on, what testing is appropriate, and what treatment options (including surgical options when needed) make sense for your goals.

Question 26

Why does adenomyosis cause bloating?

Accepted Answer

Adenomyosis can cause bloating because it often makes the uterus larger and more tender. When endometrial-like tissue grows into the uterine muscle, it can swell and bleed with hormonal cycles, driving inflammation within the myometrium. That combination of swelling, irritation, and uterine enlargement can create a sense of abdominal fullness or “distension,” especially around your period.

Bloating can also be more pronounced when adenomyosis overlaps with endometriosis, fibroids, or pelvic inflammation that affects nearby organs like the bowel. Many patients notice the timing matters—some feel relatively normal early in the cycle and then progressively more puffy or pressure-heavy as bleeding and cramping ramp up. If bloating is one of your most disruptive symptoms, our team can help you sort out whether it’s primarily uterine enlargement/pressure, a cyclical inflammatory flare, or a sign of overlapping conditions—and map out options for meaningful relief.

Question 27

Can adenomyosis cause bowel symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Yes—adenomyosis can be associated with bowel symptoms, even though adenomyosis itself stays within the muscular wall of the uterus and does not grow on the bowel. When the uterus is enlarged, tender, and inflamed, it can contribute to pelvic pressure, cramping, and pain signaling that “spills over” to nearby organs, including the rectum and lower bowel—especially around your period.

Just as importantly, bowel symptoms can also come from overlapping conditions that commonly travel with adenomyosis, like endometriosis (which can involve the bowel) or IBS-like bowel sensitivity. Because symptoms can look very similar, we focus on the whole picture—timing with your cycle, pain patterns, bleeding history, and targeted evaluation—to understand what’s actually driving your bowel distress and build a plan that addresses the real source(s). If you’re dealing with cyclical constipation/diarrhea changes, painful bowel movements, or bloating alongside heavy or painful periods, reach out to schedule a consultation so our team can help you sort out adenomyosis versus common “neighbors” that may need different treatment.

Question 28

Can adenomyosis cause miscarriage?

Accepted Answer

Adenomyosis can be associated with a higher risk of pregnancy complications, and it may contribute to miscarriage for some patients—but it’s not a guarantee, and many people with adenomyosis go on to have healthy pregnancies. The reason it can matter is that adenomyosis changes the uterine muscle and uterine environment, which may affect implantation and early placental development through inflammation and abnormal uterine contractions.

Risk isn’t the same for everyone. Outcomes often depend on the pattern of disease (focal adenomyoma versus diffuse adenomyosis), how much of the uterine wall/junctional zone is affected, and whether adenomyosis overlaps with endometriosis—which is common and can compound fertility and pregnancy challenges. If you’ve experienced infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, or repeated implantation failure, our team can help evaluate whether adenomyosis (and coexisting endometriosis) may be part of the picture and walk you through fertility-sparing options, including when surgery to remove a focal adenomyoma may be realistic versus when other approaches make more sense.

Question 29

Can adenomyosis cause irregular periods?

Accepted Answer

Yes. Adenomyosis can contribute to irregular bleeding patterns, especially when it causes abnormal uterine bleeding—such as heavier flow, prolonged periods, spotting between periods, or cycles that feel less predictable than they used to. Because the tissue within the uterine muscle still responds to hormonal cycling, it can trigger inflammation and bleeding that doesn’t follow a clean “start and stop” pattern.

That said, irregular periods aren’t specific to adenomyosis, and many people have more than one factor at play (for example, fibroids or endometriosis can overlap and intensify bleeding and pain). If irregular bleeding is paired with painful periods, pelvic pressure/tenderness, fatigue from heavy bleeding, or fertility challenges, it’s often worth a focused evaluation. Our team can help you make sense of your symptoms and imaging options (ultrasound and, when helpful, MRI) and then walk you through treatment pathways that match your goals—whether you’re trying to preserve fertility or looking for more definitive relief.

Question 30

Can adenomyosis be cured?

Accepted Answer

Adenomyosis can be definitively cured only by removing the uterus (hysterectomy), because adenomyosis lives within the uterine muscle itself. Many other treatments can significantly improve bleeding, pain, and quality of life, but they’re considered symptom-control rather than a permanent “cure,” especially when disease is diffuse.  Non-surgical and non-hormonal options include uterine artery embolization and microwave ablation.  These may reduce pain symptoms for an indeterminate time period  but the long-term results are not as good as definitive therapy via hysterectomy.   Hormonal options are similarly less effective but may be considered if fertility is a goal.

If preserving the uterus is important—because of fertility goals or personal preference—options may include hormonal suppression, uterus-sparing procedures, or (in select cases) surgical removal of a focal adenomyoma while reconstructing the uterine wall. The right path depends on whether your adenomyosis appears focal or diffuse, how severe your symptoms are, and whether endometriosis may also be contributing. Our team can help you sort out what’s driving your symptoms and what level of relief is realistic with uterus-preserving care versus definitive surgery.

Question 31

Can adenomyosis cause fatigue?

Accepted Answer

Yes—adenomyosis can contribute to fatigue, even though it’s not always the symptom people associate with it first. When adenomyosis causes heavy or prolonged bleeding, iron deficiency (with or without anemia) can leave you feeling drained, weak, or “foggy.” Ongoing pelvic pain and inflammation can also be physically exhausting, and disrupted sleep from cramping or pressure can compound low energy.

Fatigue can be even more pronounced when adenomyosis overlaps with endometriosis, which is common and can intensify pain and bleeding patterns. Because fatigue has many possible drivers, we look at the whole picture—your cycle history, bleeding volume, pain pattern, imaging, and labs such as iron stores—so we’re not missing another treatable cause. If fatigue is affecting your daily life, reach out to schedule a consultation so our team can help clarify what’s fueling it and map out a plan that addresses the root problem, not just the symptom.

Question 32

Why does endometriosis cause fatigue?

Accepted Answer

Endometriosis can cause fatigue because it places a constant load on the body—especially when pain is frequent or persistent. Ongoing pain is physically draining, increases stress hormones, and can push the nervous system into a “high alert” state that makes rest feel less restorative. Many patients also develop sleep disruption from nighttime pain, bloating, urinary or bowel symptoms, or cycle-related symptom flares, which quickly compounds exhaustion.

Fatigue can also be driven by underlying biology that often travels with endometriosis, including chronic inflammation and immune system dysregulation. Heavy or prolonged bleeding (from endometriosis and/or adenomyosis) can contribute to iron deficiency and anemia, which commonly shows up as low energy, weakness, and brain fog. Hormone fluctuations across the cycle—and sometimes the side effects of hormonal treatments—can add another layer.

Because fatigue is multi-factorial, the most effective next step is usually figuring out which drivers apply to you (pain/sleep, bleeding and iron, inflammation, hormone patterns, and other medical contributors). If fatigue is affecting your daily life, our team can help evaluate how much is likely endometriosis- or adenomyosis-related and outline a plan that targets the root cause—not just a temporary “push through it” strategy.

Question 33

Can adenomyosis cause constipation?

Accepted Answer

Yes—adenomyosis can be associated with constipation, especially around your period. When adenomyosis makes the uterus tender or enlarged, it can contribute to a heavy “pressure” feeling in the pelvis, and that can affect how your bowel functions day to day.

That said, constipation isn’t specific to adenomyosis, and it often overlaps with other common “neighbors” that travel with pelvic pain—like endometriosis involving the bowel, IBS-like bowel sensitivity, or pelvic floor muscle guarding. In our practice, when constipation shows up with cyclical pelvic pain, heavy bleeding, deep aching, or pain with sex, we look at the whole picture so we don’t miss a second driver of symptoms.

If you’re trying to connect the dots, pay attention to patterns: Does constipation flare predictably before or during bleeding? Does it come with bloating, rectal pressure, or pain with bowel movements? Our team can help you sort out whether adenomyosis is likely part of the cause, what else should be evaluated, and what treatment path fits your goals.

Question 34

Can adenomyosis cause back pain?

Accepted Answer

Yes—adenomyosis can cause back pain, especially low back or sacral aching that flares with your cycle. Because adenomyosis involves endometrial-like tissue within the uterine muscle, the uterus can become enlarged and tender, and that deep pelvic pain can refer into the back.

Back pain from adenomyosis often travels with other clues like heavy or prolonged bleeding, severe cramping, pelvic pressure, pain with sex, or fertility challenges. It’s also common for adenomyosis to overlap with endometriosis, which can further amplify pelvic and back symptoms—so persistent back pain around your period deserves a whole-pelvis evaluation, not just a “back problem” workup.

If your back pain is cyclical or paired with heavy bleeding or deep pelvic pain, our team can help you sort out whether adenomyosis, endometriosis, fibroids, or a combination is driving it. We’ll typically start by reviewing your symptom pattern and prior imaging and, when needed, discuss next-step imaging (like a targeted ultrasound or MRI) and treatment paths that match your goals.

Question 35

Does endometriosis go away after menopause?

Accepted Answer

Not always. While menopause lowers ovarian estrogen and many people do notice improvement, endometriosis can persist—and in some cases symptoms can even begin around peri‑menopause or after periods stop. That’s because endometriosis isn’t only driven by the ovaries; lesions can be highly sensitive to low estrogen levels, and some tissue can produce estrogen locally in the area of disease.

After menopause, symptoms also tend to look less “cyclical” and more like ongoing pelvic pain, bowel or bladder irritation, bloating, painful sex, or occasional bleeding. Hormone therapy can sometimes reactivate symptoms in susceptible patients, and long‑standing disease may leave behind fibrosis/scar tissue that won’t respond to medications. If you’re still having symptoms in peri‑ or post‑menopause, our team can help clarify whether you’re dealing with active endometriosis, adhesions/fibrosis, or another overlapping condition—and discuss whether excision surgery, supportive care, or a tailored plan around hormones makes the most sense.

Question 36

Can endometriosis cause diarrhea?

Accepted Answer

Yes—endometriosis can be associated with diarrhea, especially when inflammation affects the pelvic nerves and bowel, or when endometriosis involves the intestines directly (often the rectum and sigmoid colon). Many patients notice bowel symptoms that fluctuate with their cycle, such as diarrhea around a period, cramping with bowel movements, bloating, and lower abdominal pain.

At the same time, diarrhea isn’t specific to endometriosis. IBS-like bowel sensitivity and inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis can look very similar, and some people have more than one condition contributing to symptoms. If diarrhea is part of a bigger pattern—pelvic pain, painful periods, pain with sex, pain with bowel movements, or symptoms that track with your cycle—our team can help sort out what’s driving it and discuss next steps, including targeted imaging and, when appropriate, minimally invasive excision to diagnose and treat endometriosis.

Question 37

What is adenomyosis?

Accepted Answer

Adenomyosis is a condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows into the muscular wall of the uterus (the myometrium). Because this tissue still responds to hormonal cycles, it can swell and bleed with your period—often leading to inflammation and an enlarged, tender uterus. Common symptoms include heavy or prolonged bleeding, severe cramping, pelvic pain or pressure, pain with sex, and sometimes fertility challenges.

Unlike endometriosis, adenomyosis stays within the uterus rather than spreading outside it, and it may be diffuse (spread throughout the uterine muscle) or more localized (sometimes forming an adenomyoma). It also frequently overlaps with endometriosis, which can make symptoms more intense and diagnosis more complex. Our team can help you make sense of your symptoms and imaging, and talk through treatment paths that match your goals—whether that’s symptom control, fertility planning, or more definitive options.

Question 38

Why is endometriosis often misdiagnosed?

Accepted Answer

Endometriosis is often misdiagnosed because its symptoms can look like many other conditions, including gastrointestinal, urinary, musculoskeletal, and gynecologic problems. When pain, bloating, urinary urgency, or bowel changes are evaluated one system at a time, it’s easy for the bigger pattern to be missed.

Misdiagnosis is also common because many clinicians receive limited training in recognizing endometriosis across its many presentations, and patients are too often dismissed or told symptoms are “normal.” When care becomes fragmented across multiple specialists, each may view the same symptoms through a narrow lens, leading to tunnel vision and delayed answers. Our team focuses on connecting the symptom history to a whole-pelvis evaluation so we can clarify what’s driving the pain and discuss next steps, including whether excision surgery may be appropriate.

Question 39

How soon will pelvic floor therapy improve my symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Most patients begin to notice some improvement after a few pelvic floor therapy sessions, but the timeline can vary widely. It depends on what’s driving your symptoms, how long you’ve had pain, and whether your pelvic floor muscles are primarily overactive, weak, or compensating for another pelvic condition.

If symptoms have been present for a long time or are more complex, progress may be more gradual and require a longer course of therapy. In our practice, we often view pelvic floor therapy as one part of a broader plan—so if you’re not improving as expected, our team can help evaluate whether endometriosis, adenomyosis, or another source of pelvic pain may also be contributing and discuss next steps with you.

Question 40

How is endometriosis different from adenomyosis?

Accepted Answer

Endometriosis is when tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus—commonly on pelvic organs and peritoneal surfaces—often driving pelvic pain, painful periods, pain with sex, and sometimes bowel or bladder symptoms. Adenomyosis, in contrast, is when that tissue grows into the muscle wall of the uterus itself, which more often causes heavy or prolonged bleeding, intense cramping, and a uterus that can feel enlarged and tender.

These conditions can occur together, and when they do, symptoms may feel more severe and fertility can be affected in more than one way. Because adenomyosis is centered in the uterus, it’s often evaluated with characteristic findings on pelvic imaging and managed with treatments focused on the uterus, while endometriosis is confirmed and treated by directly identifying and removing disease, most effectively with excision. If you’re sorting out which one fits your symptoms—or whether you may have both—our team can review your history and imaging and help you map out a clear plan.

Question 41

Do adenomyosis symptoms improve after menopause or return after treatment?

Accepted Answer

Adenomyosis symptoms often improve after natural menopause because estrogen levels decline, which can reduce bleeding and uterine cramping. That said, some people continue to have pelvic pain after menopause, especially when other conditions (like endometriosis) or muscular pain patterns are also contributing.

After hysterectomy, adenomyosis itself does not come back because the uterus has been removed. However, persistent or returning pain after treatment doesn’t automatically mean adenomyosis has “returned”—it may reflect another driver of symptoms that needs to be identified. Our team can help sort out what’s most likely in your situation and discuss next steps to support long-term relief.

Question 42

Can adenomyosis affect fertility or pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Yes—adenomyosis can affect both fertility and pregnancy. It may interfere with implantation and is associated with higher risks during pregnancy, including miscarriage and preterm birth, with diffuse adenomyosis often having a greater impact than focal disease.

The good news is that there are ways to tailor a plan based on your goals and the pattern of disease we see on imaging and evaluation. Depending on your situation, we may consider medical pretreatment, adjustments to an IVF approach, or carefully selected surgery when adenomyosis is focal and accessible. If you’re trying to conceive now or planning pregnancy, our team can help you map out next steps and coordinate a strategy that prioritizes both fertility and safety.

Question 43

Do fibroids or adenomyosis often occur with endometriosis?

Accepted Answer

Yes—fibroids and adenomyosis can coexist with endometriosis, and the overlap is especially common in people dealing with heavy bleeding and significant period pain. Because these conditions can drive similar symptoms, identifying which ones are present is important for choosing the most effective treatment plan.

We typically start with pelvic ultrasound, which can often identify fibroids as more defined, discrete growths in or on the uterus. When adenomyosis is suspected, MRI can be particularly helpful because it can show diffuse or focal changes within the uterine muscle that may not look like a separate “mass.” Our team uses your symptoms, exam findings, and imaging together to clarify what’s contributing to your pain and bleeding and to map out the most appropriate next steps—whether that’s medical management, surgery, or both.

Question 44

What tests diagnose bladder endometriosis?

Accepted Answer

A focused pelvic ultrasound (often transvaginal, sometimes transabdominal) with a partially filled bladder can help identify bladder wall thickening or endometriosis nodules, and MRI can further clarify how deep a lesion goes and support surgical planning. These imaging studies are most helpful when they’re performed and interpreted with endometriosis in mind, because bladder disease can be subtle and easy to miss.

We also use urine testing to check for other common causes of bladder symptoms, such as infection or blood in the urine. In selected cases—especially with hematuria or when imaging doesn’t fully explain symptoms—cystoscopy can be helpful to evaluate the inside of the bladder and guide next steps. If you’re concerned about bladder endometriosis, our team can review your symptoms and imaging and discuss the most appropriate pathway to a clear diagnosis.

Question 45

Bladder endometriosis vs UTI vs IC: how can I tell the difference?

Accepted Answer

Bladder endometriosis can look like a UTI—urgency, frequency, burning, and sometimes blood in the urine—but a common clue is timing. Symptoms often flare in a cyclical pattern (frequently worsening before or during your period) and urine cultures may repeatedly come back negative despite “UTI-like” symptoms.

A true UTI is more likely when testing shows infection and symptoms improve with appropriate antibiotics. IC/BPS can cause ongoing bladder pressure or pain with urgency and frequency even when there’s no infection, but it’s typically not tightly linked to your menstrual cycle in the same predictable way. If your symptoms keep returning, don’t match your culture results, or persist after treatment, our team can help sort out whether bladder endometriosis, IC/BPS, recurrent infection, or more than one issue is contributing and discuss next steps for evaluation.

Question 46

What symptoms suggest a focal adenomyoma?

Accepted Answer

A focal adenomyoma (a localized form of adenomyosis) often causes symptoms that feel more “one-sided” or concentrated in a specific area. Many patients describe localized, severe period cramps, heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, and deep pain with sex that tends to flare in the days leading up to and during their period.

Sometimes there’s a particularly tender spot on the uterus during an exam, and symptoms may come in predictable monthly waves rather than being constant. Because these symptoms can overlap with fibroids and other uterine conditions, symptoms alone can’t confirm the diagnosis. Our team typically relies on targeted imaging and a full symptom history to clarify what’s driving your bleeding and pain and to discuss next steps.

Question 47

Diffuse vs focal adenomyosis: what’s the difference?

Accepted Answer

Diffuse adenomyosis means adenomyosis is spread throughout much of the uterine muscle (myometrium), which can cause a more globally enlarged, tender uterus and is often linked with heavy or prolonged bleeding. Focal adenomyosis is confined to one area and may form a discrete mass called an adenomyoma, which can mimic a fibroid on symptoms and imaging.

We typically distinguish these patterns using ultrasound and/or MRI: diffuse disease tends to look like widespread thickening and texture changes across the myometrium, while focal disease appears as a more localized, defined region. This difference matters because a single focal lesion may be more amenable to targeted, uterus-sparing surgery, whereas diffuse involvement can make complete removal without weakening the uterus more challenging. If you’re trying to preserve fertility or weigh surgical options, our team can review your imaging and symptoms to help clarify the pattern and the safest path forward.

Question 48

What tests evaluate urinary symptoms in endometriosis?

Accepted Answer

We usually start by checking for common, treatable causes that can mimic endometriosis-related urinary symptoms, using a urinalysis and often a urine culture. Depending on your symptoms, we may also use a renal and bladder ultrasound to look for issues like stones, urinary retention, or signs of ureteral blockage—especially when protecting kidney function is a concern.

If we suspect deeper disease involving or compressing the bladder or ureters, pelvic MRI can help map where endometriosis may be affecting the urinary tract and guide next steps. Cystoscopy isn’t always necessary, but it can be helpful when there’s unexplained blood in the urine or persistent bladder pain and other testing hasn’t clarified the cause. If you’re dealing with urinary symptoms alongside suspected or known endometriosis, our team can help you choose the most appropriate workup and interpret what the results mean for treatment planning.

Question 49

UTI or endometriosis bladder irritation: how can I tell?

Accepted Answer

A true UTI is an infection, so it typically shows bacteria on a urine test (especially a urine culture) and often improves with the right antibiotic. Bladder symptoms related to endometriosis or pelvic pain conditions are more likely to flare in a cyclical pattern—often around your period—while urine cultures stay negative and antibiotics don’t bring lasting relief.

Because the symptoms can feel very similar, we generally recommend confirming whether infection is present before starting treatment, so an infection isn’t missed and unnecessary antibiotics are avoided. If cultures are repeatedly negative, our team can help evaluate other common causes of “UTI-like” symptoms, including bladder pain syndromes and pelvic floor muscle irritation, and discuss next steps based on your full symptom pattern and history.

Question 50

When should I get a miscarriage workup, and what is typically checked?

Accepted Answer

A recurrent pregnancy loss evaluation is often recommended after two consecutive first-trimester miscarriages, or after any second-trimester loss. If you’ve had a single early loss, many patients don’t need a full workup right away—but if there are additional risk factors or a complex history, we may recommend evaluating sooner.

A typical workup focuses on the most common, actionable causes. This often includes assessing the uterine cavity for issues such as a septum, fibroids, or polyps; checking labs such as antiphospholipid antibodies and thyroid function; and, in some situations, genetic testing like parental karyotypes. More extensive clotting (thrombophilia) testing is usually reserved for select cases based on your history, and our team can help tailor an evaluation plan to your specific pattern of loss and symptoms.

Related Conditions

It’s not always just endometriosis.

Looking Closely

We consider every possibility

Gut dysbiosis (SIBO, leaky gut)

Mastocytosis & MCAS

Autoimmune conditions

Chronic Infections (Lyme & Coinfections)

Mold & Environmental Illness

Pelvic venous congestion

May-Thurner Syndrome

Hernias

Pelvic Mass Cancer Risk

Adhesions (Post-Surgical Scarring) and Fibrosis

Pelvic floor dyssynergia

Small Fiber Neuropathy & Central Sensitization

Fibromyalgia & Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)

Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome (EDS) & Hypermobility

Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) & Dysautonomia

Interstitial Cystitis / Bladder Pain Syndrome

Endocrine Disorders (Thyroid, PCOS, Adrenal Dysfunction)

Gut dysbiosis (SIBO, leaky gut)

Mastocytosis & MCAS

Autoimmune conditions

Chronic Infections (Lyme & Coinfections)

Mold & Environmental Illness

Helping You Heal

Your Health is Our Priority

Helping you thrive

Your Quality of Life is Too

Common Questions

How is diaphragmatic endometriosis diagnosed?

Endometriosis or herniated disc—how can I tell?

Can adenomyosis cause headaches or migraines?

Can adenomyosis cause vulvar pain?

Can adenomyosis cause clots and heavy flooding?

Why am I passing large blood clots during my period?

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