Deep Disease
What are the risks of leaving an endometrioma untreated?
The short answer
An untreated endometrioma can grow, increase pelvic pain and inflammation, and in rare cases rupture or cause the ovary to twist. There is also a small increased lifetime risk of certain ovarian cancers, but the absolute risk remains low.
Leaving an endometrioma in place can carry risks, including gradual growth with increasing pelvic pain and inflammation and, in rare cases, acute complications such as rupture or ovarian torsion. There is also a small increase in the lifetime risk of certain ovarian cancers compared with the general population, but the absolute risk remains low, especially when imaging shows features typical of an endometrioma.
Monitoring usually involves repeat imaging, most often pelvic ultrasound at intervals (commonly every 6–12 months), along with symptom check-ins. We pay close attention to changes such as rapid growth, new solid components, or internal blood flow, as these can prompt a different workup or a discussion about treatment. If symptoms escalate or the cyst begins to interfere with ovarian function or fertility planning, our team can review your options and help you decide whether continued observation or surgery makes the most sense for you.
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Don't Ignore Your Endometrioma Risks
Untreated endometriomas can grow and cause severe pain or complications. Our specialists help monitor and manage these risks to protect your health.
Questions people ask next
All deep disease questionsCan an endometrioma rupture?
Yes, an ovarian endometrioma can rupture, although it’s not the most common course. Its contents can spill into the pelvis and cause sudden, severe pain and irritation, which needs prompt evaluation because other urgent problems can feel similar.
Does endometrioma removal or excision surgery reduce cancer risk?
Removing an endometrioma or excising endometriosis can remove tissue where atypical changes could rarely develop, but surgery is not typically done primarily to prevent cancer. The link with cancer is complex, and the absolute risk for most patients remains low.
Do endometriomas affect fertility or ovarian reserve?
Yes, endometriomas can affect fertility and may be associated with lower ovarian reserve in some patients. Surgery, especially repeat cyst surgery, can also affect ovarian reserve because healthy ovarian tissue can be removed or its blood supply altered.
Does endometriosis increase cancer risk?
Yes, endometriosis increases ovarian cancer risk up to ten times, but most people with endometriosis never develop cancer. Research suggests there may be a slightly increased risk of other cancer subtypes, though the overall risk for these generally remains low.
Further reading
Does Endometriosis Cause Cancer? What Research Actually Shows
Explore the link between endometriosis and cancer risk. Get reliable insights based on recent research for informed health decisions.
AMH Or Follicle Count Which Matters More For Endometriomas
How AMH and antral follicle count behave with unilateral or bilateral endometriomas, the impact of cyst size, and practical guidance for your next appointment.
Ovarian Scarring and Endometriosis: Key Molecular Insights
Discover the link between ovarian scarring and endometriosis. Learn how it may affect your fertility and ovarian health. Get informed today!
